New Westminster Wrinkle Reduction Services

New Westminster Wrinkle Reduction Services

Botox Wrinkle Treatment

In our quest for eternal youth, Manhas Health Co. has gently paved the way for those seeking to soften the hands of time in New Westminster Wrinkle Reduction Services through their expert cosmetic Botox solutions. At Manhas Health Co., we believe that a one-size-fits-all approach doesn't work when it comes to your wellness and aesthetics. Trust us to help you look and feel your best, with the confidence that you're in the most capable hands. Learn more about Manhas Health Co. here. Learn more about New Westminster Wrinkle Reduction Services here This comprehensive consultation allows us to create a treatment plan that aligns with your desires and delivers the most natural-looking results. Botox For Smile Lines We'll advise you to steer clear of alcohol and blood-thinning medications for a few days to minimize bruising.
We're committed to ensuring our clients at Manhas Health Co. understand both the advantages and the risks. By choosing Manhas Health Co., you're not just investing in a cosmetic procedure; you're investing in yourself. Botox's versatility shines through in its application across various facial areas, directly targeting the muscles responsible for wrinkles and fine lines. We'll guide you through the entire process, from initial consultation to post-treatment care, ensuring you're comfortable and informed every step of the way.
Cosmetic Botox, a popular non-surgical procedure, temporarily relaxes facial muscles to reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines. There might be slight redness or swelling at the injection sites, but these minor side effects typically subside within a few hours. Let's work together to achieve the youthful, refreshed look you desire, with results that speak volumes about our commitment to your individual needs. This service is tailored to smooth out lines, providing a more youthful appearance without sacrificing natural expression.

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We've also heard, “I was skeptical about getting Botox, but seeing the natural-looking results, I'm so glad I did. These results last around three to four months, after which you can return for a touch-up. Botox Injections Near You Trust us to enhance your natural beauty with Botox strategies designed just for you. Botox Wrinkle Smoothing Firstly, we've made scheduling your visit with us as straightforward as possible.



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We're here to guide you through the process, from initial consultation to post-treatment care, ensuring your experience is as comfortable and satisfying as possible. This commitment to ongoing education means we're not just keeping pace with industry standards; we're setting them. Choose us, and let's embark on this journey towards achieving your ideal aesthetic together. This simple step helps prevent the Botox from spreading to unintended muscles.

It works by blocking nerve signals to the muscles, preventing them from contracting. Typically, the effects of Botox can last anywhere from three to six months, depending on the individual's skin type, the area treated, and their lifestyle. If you have any questions or need to reschedule, don't hesitate to reach out.

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Non-Surgical Facelifts

We also suggest staying upright for four hours post-treatment and avoiding strenuous physical activities for a day. It's all about creating a comfortable, informed experience that leaves you feeling confident and looking your best. By injecting Botox into the underarms, palms, or soles of the feet, we can significantly reduce sweat production, improving comfort and confidence.

Our specialists have extensive experience in administering cosmetic Botox, ensuring that each treatment is tailored to meet the individual needs and expectations of our clients. By choosing Manhas Health Co for your Botox treatments, you're not just getting a service; you're receiving a customized care plan designed with your unique beauty in mind. We believe in keeping you informed, so this email will include everything from what to expect during your consultation to how to prepare for your treatment.

Wrinkle reduction New Westminster

The area now known as New Westminster was originally inhabited by Kwantlen First Nation The discovery of gold in BC and the arrival of gold seekers from the south prompted fear amongst the settlers that Americans may invade to take over this land.

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Nearby Tourist Attractions

Glenbrook Ravine Park

Tourist attraction, Park
Glenbrook Ravine Park, 76 Jamieson Ct, New Westminster, BC V3L 5M7
Forested park featuring walking trails through wilderness areas & landscaped spaces.

Queen's Park

Tourist attraction, Park
Queen's Park, 3rd Ave, New Westminster, BC V3M 1V2
All-ages public area with playgrounds, spray park & petting farm plus artificial-turf sports field.

Queens Park Rose Garden

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Queens Park Rose Garden, New Westminster, BC

Hume Park

Tourist attraction, Park
Hume Park, 660 E Columbia St, New Westminster, BC V3L 3Y2
Charming, amenity-rich community park featuring open green spaces, playing fields, a dog run & more.

Tipperary Park

Tourist attraction, Park
Tipperary Park, 315 Queens Ave, New Westminster, BC V3L 1K1
Plant-filled picnic & recreational area at City Hall with ponds, public art & tennis courts.


Citations and other links

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Our team takes the time to explain the process, answer your questions, and provide aftercare advice to maintain your rejuvenated appearance. Before your appointment, we recommend avoiding alcohol and blood-thinning medications like aspirin for a few days to reduce the risk of bruising. It's this combination of technical skill and personal touch that sets our team apart. This helps prevent spreading the Botox to unintended muscles.

Afterward, there's no downtime, meaning you can return to your daily activities immediately. We've also heard worries about the discomfort associated with Botox injections. To fully appreciate the benefits and nuances of cosmetic Botox, it's crucial to delve into its mechanism and applications.

That's why we start with a thorough consultation to discuss your specific concerns and desired outcomes. We've embraced its magic at Manhas Health Co., introducing it as a cornerstone treatment in our quest for beauty and youthfulness. It's our belief that informed clients are empowered clients, and your peace of mind is as important to us as your physical well-being. Dysport Treatments

Recognizing the delicate nature of the eye area, we've adopted techniques that minimize discomfort while maximizing results. We prefer mineral sunscreens as they're less likely to irritate our freshly treated skin.

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We understand that every individual's skin is unique, which is why we create tailored treatment plans that align with your specific aesthetic goals.

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Another shared, “The team made me feel at ease from the moment I walked in. Botox Facial Injections New Westminster Lastly, questions about the longevity and maintenance of Botox results are common. That's why we're committed to creating personalized treatment plans that cater specifically to your goals, concerns, and skin type. Lastly, we pride ourselves on our exceptional customer service.

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Many of our clients report a boost in self-esteem and confidence following their Botox sessions.

Our team's extensive knowledge in cosmetic Botox treatments guarantees you receive the most effective solutions tailored to your unique needs and desires. The team at Manhas Health Co. listened to my concerns and delivered exactly what I was hoping for. We're here to guide you through the simple process of booking your appointment, ensuring a seamless journey towards achieving your cosmetic goals. It's not just about aesthetics; it's about feeling confident and vibrant in your own skin.

This means you're getting not only expert care but also the most innovative treatments available. To schedule your personalized Botox consultation, simply reach out to our clinic's reception. Botox For Jaw Reduction That's why we take the time to listen and provide detailed answers, ensuring you're fully informed and comfortable before moving forward. Our approach to safety isn't a one-size-fits-all; it's as unique as you are.

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We'll explore these questions, providing insights into how we can help you achieve a fresher, more vibrant look without sacrificing your natural beauty. The treatment has been approved by health authorities worldwide for both cosmetic and therapeutic uses, affirming its safety and efficacy. Botox Wrinkle Reduction After a Botox session, most of our clients are able to return to work or their usual routines almost immediately. Botox For Under Eye Bags At Manhas Health Co., we're committed to your well-being, starting with a comprehensive consultation to assess your suitability for Botox. Whether you're looking to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles or seeking preventive measures to maintain your youthful look, we've got you covered.

At Manhas Health Co., we're not just about achieving stunning results; we're about doing it safely. It's a powerful thing to witness someone walk taller, smile more, and engage more openly with others because they feel good about their appearance. Following up is an essential part of our service; we'll check in to monitor your progress and make any necessary adjustments to achieve your desired outcome. At Manhas Health Co., we're here to support you every step of the way.

We consider your facial structure, skin type, and desired outcomes to craft a personalized treatment plan. We start by conducting a detailed consultation, where we listen to your desires and assess your facial anatomy. These treatments provide a dual benefit: improving quality of life while addressing specific health issues. Stick with us to uncover how our specialized procedures can rejuvenate your skin and boost your confidence, leaving you wondering why you hadn't considered this sooner.

It's also the perfect time to discuss your medical history and any potential impacts on your treatment plan. We've come to appreciate the fine balance between embracing our inherent features and seeking professional assistance to refine them. It's about enhancing quality of life in various ways. Our goal is to ensure you leave feeling excited and confident about your next steps.

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Our approach is holistic; we don't just look at the area you want to enhance, we consider your overall well-being. When you look in the mirror and love what you see, it changes how you carry yourself and interact with the world. It's crucial for us to understand what you're looking to achieve so we can tailor the treatment precisely to your needs. We're here to help you feel and look your best, providing personalized consultations to discuss your specific concerns and desired outcomes. New Westminster Botox Clinics

We understand that choosing the right provider is crucial, and we're here to ensure you receive the best possible experience and results. Botox Rejuvenation Booking with us is a breeze, and we've streamlined the process to ensure it's convenient for you. We understand the allure of turning back the clock on aging and the importance of doing so with precision and care.

These plans allow you to spread the cost over time, making it easier to budget for your treatment without sacrificing quality and care. Their team of experts stands at the forefront of combining medical precision with an artistic touch, ensuring outcomes that enhance rather than alter one's natural beauty. This treatment works by temporarily paralyzing the muscles that contribute to wrinkles, such as crow's feet, forehead lines, and frown lines, resulting in a smoother, more youthful appearance.

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    We've seen firsthand the joy that comes from our clients seeing their refreshed appearances for the first time. At Manhas Health Co., we've seen firsthand how this treatment can boost confidence and provide a refreshed, more youthful appearance. Lastly, we don't overlook the lines around the mouth and the chin.

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    It's more than cosmetic; it's a boost to one's self-esteem. We're not just about providing a service; we're about creating an experience. Our skilled team is passionate about helping you look and feel your best. Our consultation process begins with a personalized assessment to understand your unique cosmetic goals and health history. We understand the importance of maintaining a fresh and natural look without the constant need for reapplication or retreatment.
    You'll start noticing the effects of Botox within a few days, with full results visible in about two weeks. We're here to assure you that safety is our top priority. Our experienced professionals use the latest techniques to deliver precise and natural-looking results, minimizing discomfort and downtime. Then, we'll walk you through how Botox can address your concerns, what you can expect during and after the treatment, and any potential side effects.
    With just a few tiny injections, we've seen the transformation in our clients' faces and, more importantly, in their smiles. Additionally, staying hydrated and applying any recommended creams or serums can aid in the recovery process. Learn more about New Westminster Wrinkle Reduction Services here That's why we offer customized treatment plans tailored specifically to your goals and concerns.

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    At its core, Botox works by blocking nerve signals to the muscles, effectively preventing them from contracting and forming wrinkles. Read more about New Westminster Wrinkle Reduction Services here
    Our team's meticulous approach ensures that each client's experience is tailored to their unique needs, prioritizing comfort and results. You can book your appointment directly through our website, where you'll find an easy-to-use booking system. Our most popular procedure is the facial Botox treatment, which targets areas like the forehead, crow's feet, and between the eyebrows. It's a quick, minimally invasive procedure that we've mastered at Manhas Health Co., offering tailored solutions to each client's unique needs.



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    Facials may include the use of a facial mask.

    A facial is a family of skin care treatments for the face, including steam, exfoliation (physical and chemical), extraction, creams, lotions, facial masks, peels, and massage. They are normally performed in beauty salons, but are also a common spa treatment. They are used for general skin health as well as for specific skin conditions. Types of facials include European facial,[1] LED light therapy facials, hydrafacials and mini-facials.

    Facial mask

    [edit]

    There are different kinds of masks (e.g., clay, cactus, cucumber) for different purposes: deep-cleansing, by penetrating the pores; healing acne scars or hyper-pigmentation; brightening, for a gradual illumination of the skin tone. Facial masks also help with anti-aging, acne, crows feet, under eye bags, sagging lids, dark circles, puffiness,[2] and more. Some masks are designed to dry or solidify on the face, almost like plaster; others just remain wet. The green face mask is very essential and benefited.

    Masks are removed by either rinsing the face with water, wiping off with a damp cloth, or peeling off of the face. Duration for wearing a mask varies with the type of mask, and manufacturer's usage instructions. The time can range from a few minutes to overnight. Those with sensitive skin are advised to first test out the mask on a small portion of the skin, in order to check for any irritations. Some facial masks are not suited to frequent use. A glycolic mask should not be used more frequently than once a month to avoid the risk of burning the skin.

    Masks can be found anywhere from drugstores to department stores and can vary in consistency and form. Setting masks include: clay, which is a thicker consistency, and will draw out impurities (and sometimes, natural oils, too) from the pores; a cream, which stays damp to hydrate the skin; sheet-style, in which a paper mask is dampened with liquid to tone and moisturize the skin; and lastly, a hybrid/clay and cream form that includes small beads for removing dead surface skin cells. Non-setting facial masks include warm oil and paraffin wax masks. These different forms are made to suit different skin types (e.g., oily or dry), and different skincare goals or needs (e.g., moisturizing, cleansing, exfoliating). Clay and mud masks suit oily and some "combination" skin types,[3] while cream-based masks tend to suit dry and sensitive skin types. There are also peel-off masks which are used to remove thin layers of dead skin cells and dirt.[4]

    See also

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ Eastern European Beauty Secrets and Skin Care Techniques. Dorrance Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4349-7452-5.
    2. ^ Bioelements. "Do I need a facial? 32 reasons you absolutely need one". Bioelements. Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
    3. ^ Remedios, Faye (2022-07-01). "The do's and don'ts of mud masks, and why it will be your newest skin obsession". Vogue India. Retrieved 2023-01-31.
    4. ^ "What type of face mask is best for my skin type? | Paula's Choice". www.paulaschoice-eu.com. Retrieved 2021-05-16.

    Military Policlinic in Legionowo, Poland

    A clinic (or outpatient clinic or ambulatory care clinic) is a health facility that is primarily focused on the care of outpatients. Clinics can be privately operated or publicly managed and funded. They typically cover the primary care needs of populations in local communities, in contrast to larger hospitals which offer more specialized treatments and admit inpatients for overnight stays.

    Most commonly, the English word clinic refers to a general practice, run by one or more general practitioners offering small therapeutic treatments, but it can also mean a specialist clinic. Some clinics retain the name "clinic" even while growing into institutions as large as major hospitals or becoming associated with a hospital or medical school.

    Etymology

    [edit]
    The entrance to a surgery clinic in Greenwich, London

    The word clinic derives from Ancient Greek κλίνειν klinein meaning to slope, lean or recline. Hence κλίνη klinē is a couch or bed and κλινικός klinikos is a physician who visits his patients in their beds.[1] In Latin, this became clīnicus.[2][3]

    An early use of the word clinic was "one who receives baptism on a sick bed".[4]

    Overview

    [edit]
    A medpunkt (health care access point) delivers primary health care to the residents of the village of Veliki Vrag, Russia.

    Clinics are often associated with a general medical practice run by one or several general practitioners. Other types of clinics are run by the type of specialist associated with that type: physical therapy clinics by physiotherapists and psychology clinics by clinical psychologists, and so on for each health profession. (This can even hold true for certain services outside the medical field: for example, legal clinics are run by lawyers.)

    Some clinics are operated in-house by employers, government organizations, or hospitals, and some clinical services are outsourced to private corporations which specialize in providing health services. In China, for example, owners of such clinics do not have formal medical education. There were 659,596 village clinics in China in 2011.[5]

    Health care in India, China, Russia and Africa is provided to those regions' vast rural areas by mobile health clinics or roadside dispensaries, some of which integrate traditional medicine. In India these traditional clinics provide ayurvedic medicine and unani herbal medical practice. In each of these countries, traditional medicine tends to be a hereditary practice.

    Function

    [edit]
    Policlinic in Karl-Marx-Stadt, German Democratic Republic

    The function of clinics differs from country to country. For instance, a local general practice run by a single general practitioner provides primary health care and is usually run as a for-profit business by the owner, whereas a government-run specialist clinic may provide subsidized or specialized[dubiousdiscuss] health care.

    Some clinics serve as a place for people with injuries or illnesses to be seen by a triage nurse or other health worker. In these clinics, the injury or illness may not be serious enough to require a visit to an emergency room (ER), but the person can be transferred to one if needed.

    Treatment at these clinics is often less expensive than it would be at a casualty department. Also, unlike an ER these clinics are often not open on a 24/7/365 basis. They sometimes have access to diagnostic equipment such as X-ray machines, especially if the clinic is part of a larger facility. Doctors at such clinics can often refer patients to specialists if the need arises.[6]

    Large outpatient clinics

    [edit]
    Children Policlinic in Novokosino District of Moscow

    Large outpatient clinics vary in size, but can be as large as hospitals.

    Function

    [edit]

    Typical large outpatient clinics house general medical practitioners (GPs) such as doctors and nurses to provide ambulatory care and some acute care services but lack the major surgical and pre- and post-operative care facilities commonly associated with hospitals.

    Policlinic in Vilnius-Karoliniškės, Lithuania

    Besides GPs, if a clinic is a polyclinic, it can house outpatient departments of some medical specialties, such as gynecology, dermatology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, neurology, pulmonology, cardiology, and endocrinology. In some university cities, polyclinics contain outpatient departments for the entire teaching hospital in one building.

    Internationally

    [edit]
    Policlinic in Písek, Czech Republic

    Large outpatient clinics are a common type of healthcare facility in many countries, including France, Germany (long tradition), Switzerland, and most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (often using a mixed Soviet-German model), as well as in former Soviet republics such as Russia and Ukraine;[7] and in many countries across Asia and Africa.[8]

    In Europe, especially in the Central and Eastern Europe, bigger outpatient health centers, commonly in cities and towns, are called policlinics (derived from the word polis, not from poly-).

    Recent[when?] Russian governments have attempted to replace the policlinic model introduced during Soviet times with a more western model. However, this has failed.[9]

    In the Czech Republic, many policlinics were privatized or leasehold and decentralized in the post-communist era: some of them are just lessors and coordinators of a healthcare provided by private doctor's offices in the policlinic building.[10]

    India has also set up huge numbers of polyclinics for former defense personnel. The network envisages 426 polyclinics in 343 districts of the country which will benefit about 33 lakh (3.3 million) ex-servicemen residing in remote and far-flung areas.[11]

    Policlinics are also the backbone of Cuba's primary care system and have been credited with a role in improving that nation's health indicators.[12]

    Mobile clinics

    [edit]
    Hinduja National Hospital's mobile clinic
    A mobile health clinic operated from a truck

    Providing health services through mobile clinics provides accessible healthcare services to these remote areas that have yet to make their way in the politicized space. For example, mobile clinics have proved helpful in dealing with new settlement patterns in Costa Rica. Before foreign aid organizations or the state government became involved in healthcare, Costa Rica's people managed their own health maintenance and protection.[13] People relied on various socio-cultural adaptations and remedies to prevent illnesses, such as personal hygiene and settlement patterns.[13] When new settlements that sprang up along the coast became "artificial" communities, and due to lack of traditional home healing practices here, alternative methods such as mobile clinics had to be implemented in these communities for the protection and prevention of diseases.[13]

    A study done in rural Namibia revealed the health changes of orphans, vulnerable children and non-vulnerable children (OVC) visiting a mobile clinic where health facilities are far from the remote villages.[14] Over 6 months, information on immunization status, diagnosis of anemia, skin and intestinal disorders, nutrition, dental disorders was collected and showed that visits to mobile clinics improved the overall health of children that visited regularly. It concluded that specified "planning of these programs in areas with similarly identified barriers may help correct the health disparities among Namibian OVC and could be a first step in improving child morbidity and mortality in difficult-to-reach rural areas."[14]

    A mobile clinic run from a pickup truck in Yemen

    Food supplementation in the context of routine mobile clinic visits also shows to have improved the nutritional status of children, and it needs further exploration as a way to reduce childhood malnutrition in resource-scarce areas. A cross-sectional study focussed on comparing acute and chronic undernutrition rates prior to and after a food-supplementation program as an adjunct to routine health care for children of migrant workers residing in rural communities in the Dominican Republic.[15] Rates of chronic undernutrition decreased from 33% to 18% after the initiation of the food-supplementation program and shows that the community members attending the mobile clinics are not just passively receiving the information but are incorporating it and helping keep their children nourished.[15]

    Types

    [edit]
    Storefront clinic in Manhattan

    There are many different types of clinics providing outpatient services. Such clinics may be public (government-funded) or private medical practices.

    • A CLSC are in Quebec; they are a type of free clinic funded by the provincial government; they provide service not covered by Canada's healthcare plan including social workers
    • In the United States, a free clinic provides free or low-cost healthcare for those with little or without insurance.
    • A retail-based clinic is housed in supermarkets and similar retail outlets providing walk-in health care, which may be staffed by nurse practitioners.
    • A general out-patient clinic offers general diagnoses or treatments without an overnight stay.
    • A polyclinic or policlinic provides a range of healthcare services (including diagnostics) without need of an overnight stay
    • A specialist clinic provides advanced diagnostic or treatment services for specific diseases or parts of the body. This type contrasts with general out-patient clinics.

    See also

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ κλινικός in A Greek–English Lexicon. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
    2. ^ clinicus in A Latin Dictionary. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
    3. ^ Partridge, Eric. Origins: A short etymological dictionary of modern English. Book Club Associates, 1966.
    4. ^ Clinic, Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
    5. ^ "Statistical Communiqué on the 2011 National Economic and Social Development". stats.gov.cn. National Bureau of Statistics of China. 22 February 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
    6. ^ "Clinic search engine tools to find the right Clinic". 123 clinic. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
    7. ^ NLH – Health Management – Policlinics. Retrieved 3 July 2008.[permanent dead link]
    8. ^ Google
    9. ^ Ershova I, Rider O, Gorelov V (December 2007). "Policlinics in London". Lancet. 370 (9603): 1890–1. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61793-0. PMID 18068500. S2CID 43512994.
    10. ^ David Rath: Trnitá cesta privatizace českého zdravotnictví, Hospodářské noviny, 10 September 1996
    11. ^ "199 Additional Polyclinics For Ex-Servicemen". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 26 May 2010.
    12. ^ Cuba's primary health care revolution: 30 years on, Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    13. ^ a b c Morgan, Lynn M. (February 1993). Community Participation in Health: The Politics of Primary Care in Costa Rica. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511558092. ISBN 978-0-521-41898-0. Retrieved 8 May 2020. cite book: |website= ignored (help)
    14. ^ a b Aneni, Ehimen; De Beer, Ingrid H.; Hanson, Laura; Rijnen, Bas; Brenan, Alana T.; Feeley, Frank G. (2013). "Mobile primary healthcare services and health outcomes of children in rural Namibia". Rural and Remote Health. 13 (3): 2380. ISSN 1445-6354. PMID 24016257.
    15. ^ a b Parikh, Kavita; Marein-Efron, Gabriela; Huang, Shirley; O'Hare, Geraldine; Finalle, Rodney; Shah, Samir S. (September 2010). "Nutritional Status of Children after a Food-Supplementation Program Integrated with Routine Health Care through Mobile Clinics in Migrant Communities in the Dominican Republic". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 83 (3): 559–564. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0485. ISSN 0002-9637. PMC 2929051. PMID 20810820.

    Wrinkles on the face and hands are a typical sign of aging

    A wrinkle, also known as a rhytid, is a fold, ridge or crease in an otherwise smooth surface, such as on skin or fabric. Skin wrinkles typically appear as a result of ageing processes such as glycation,[1] habitual sleeping positions,[2] loss of body mass, sun damage,[3] or temporarily, as the result of prolonged immersion in water. Age wrinkling in the skin is promoted by habitual facial expressions, aging, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and various other factors.[4] In humans, it can also be prevented to some degree by avoiding excessive solar exposure and through diet (in particular through consumption of carotenoids, tocopherols and flavonoids, vitamins (A, C, D and E), essential omega-3-fatty acids, certain proteins and lactobacilli).[5]

    Skin

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    Causes for aging wrinkles

    [edit]
    A woman of European origin with facial wrinkles

    Development of facial wrinkles is a kind of fibrosis of the skin. Misrepair-accumulation aging theory suggests that wrinkles develop from incorrect repairs of injured elastic fibers and collagen fibers.[6][7][8] Repeated extensions and compressions of the skin cause repeated injuries of extracellular fibers in derma. During the repairing process, some of the broken elastic fibers and collagen fibers are not regenerated and restored but replaced by altered fibers. When an elastic fiber is broken in an extended state, it may be replaced by a "long" collagen fiber. Accumulation of "long" collagen fibers makes part of the skin looser and stiffer, and as a consequence, a big fold of skin appears. When a "long" collagen is broken in a compressed state, it may be replaced by a "short" collagen fiber. The "shorter" collagen fibers will restrict the extension of "longer" fibers, and make the “long" fibers in a folding state permanently. A small fold, namely a permanent wrinkle, then appears.

    Sleep wrinkles

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    Sleep wrinkles are created and reinforced when the face is compressed against a pillow or bed surface in side or stomach sleeping positions during sleep.[9] They appear in predictable locations due to the underlying superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), and are usually distinct from wrinkles of facial expression.[10] As with wrinkles of facial expression, sleep wrinkles can deepen and become permanent over time, unless the habitual sleeping positions which cause the wrinkles are altered.[11]

    Water-immersion wrinkling

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    A wrinkled finger after a warm bath

    The wrinkles that occur in skin over prolonged exposure to water are sometimes referred to as pruney fingers or water aging. This is a temporary skin condition where the skin on the palms of the hand or feet becomes wrinkly. This wrinkling response may have imparted an evolutionary benefit by providing improved traction in wet conditions,[12] and a better grasp of wet objects.[13] These results were called into question by a 2014 study that failed to reproduce any improvement of handling wet objects with wrinkled fingertips.[14] However, a 2020 study of gripping efficiency found that wrinkles decreased the force required to grip wet objects by 20%, supporting the traction hypothesis.[15]

    Prior to a 1935 study, the common explanation was based on water absorption in the keratin-laden epithelial skin when immersed in water,[16] causing the skin to expand and resulting in a larger surface area, forcing it to wrinkle. Usually the tips of the fingers and toes are the first to wrinkle because of a thicker layer of keratin and an absence of hairs which secrete the protective oil called sebum.

    Adult sole showing water immersion wrinkling

    In the 1935 study, however, Lewis and Pickering were studying patients with palsy of the median nerve when they discovered that skin wrinkling did not occur in the areas of the patients' skin normally innervated by the damaged nerve. This suggested that the nervous system plays an essential role in wrinkling, so the phenomenon could not be entirely explained simply by water absorption. Recent research shows that wrinkling is related to vasoconstriction.[17][18] Water probably initiates the wrinkling process by altering the balance of electrolytes in the skin as it diffuses into the hands and soles via their many sweat ducts. This could alter the stability of the membranes of the many neurons that synapse on the many blood vessels underneath skin, causing them to fire more rapidly. Increased neuronal firing causes blood vessels to constrict, decreasing the amount of fluid underneath the skin. This decrease in fluid would cause a decrease in tension, causing the skin to become wrinkly.[19]

    This insight resulted in bedside tests for nerve damage and vasoconstriction. Wrinkling is often scored with immersion of the hands for 30 minutes in water or EMLA cream with measurements steps of 5 minutes, and counting the number of visible wrinkles in time. Not all healthy persons have finger wrinkling after immersion, so it would be safe to say that sympathetic function is preserved if finger wrinkling after immersion in water is observed, but if the fingers emerge smooth it cannot be assumed that there is a lesion to the autonomic supply or to the peripheral nerves of the hand.[20]

    Other animals with wrinkles

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    Examples of wrinkles can be found in various animal species that grow loose, excess skin, particularly when they are young. Several breeds of dog, such as the Pug and the Shar Pei, have been bred to exaggerate this trait. In dogs bred for fighting, this is the result of selection for loose skin, which confers a protective advantage.[21]

    Techniques for reducing the appearance of aging wrinkles

    [edit]
    A man receiving a botox injection

    Current evidence suggests that tretinoin decreases cohesiveness of follicular epithelial cells, although the exact mode of action is unknown. Additionally, tretinoin stimulates mitotic activity and increased turnover of follicular epithelial cells.[22] Tretinoin is better known by the brand name Retin-A.

    Topical glycosaminoglycans supplements can help to provide temporary restoration of enzyme balance to slow or prevent matrix breakdown and consequent onset of wrinkle formation. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are produced by the body to maintain structural integrity in tissues and to maintain fluid balance. Hyaluronic acid is a type of GAG that promotes collagen synthesis, repair, and hydration. GAGs serve as a natural moisturizer and lubricant between epidermal cells to inhibit the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

    Dermal fillers are injectable products frequently used to correct wrinkles, and other depressions in the skin. They are often a kind of soft tissue designed to enable injection into the skin for purposes of improving the appearance. The most common products are based on hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxylapatite.

    Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botox is a specific form of botulinum toxin manufactured by Allergan for both therapeutic and cosmetic use. Besides its cosmetic application, Botox is used in the treatment of other conditions including migraine headache and cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis) (a neuromuscular disorder involving the head and neck).[23]

    Dysport, manufactured by Ipsen, received FDA approval and is now used to treat cervical dystonia as well as glabellar lines in adults. In 2010, another form of botulinum toxin, one free of complexing proteins, became available to Americans. Xeomin received FDA approval for medical indications in 2010 and cosmetic indications in 2011.

    Botulinum toxin treats wrinkles by immobilizing the muscles which cause wrinkles. It is not appropriate for the treatment of all wrinkles; it is indicated for the treatment of glabellar lines (between the eyebrows) in adults. Any other usage is not approved by the FDA and is considered off-label use.

    Laser resurfacing is FDA-cleared skin resurfacing procedure in which lasers are used to improve the condition of the skin.[citation needed] Two types of lasers are used to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles on the face; laser ablation, which removes thin layers of skin, and nonablative lasers that stimulate collagen production. Nonablative lasers are less effective than ablative ones but they are less invasive and recovery time is short. After the procedure people experience temporary redness, itching and swelling.

    See also

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    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ Danby, FW (Jul–Aug 2010). "Nutrition and aging skin: sugar and glycation". Clin Dermatol. 4. 28 (4): 409–411. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.018. PMID 20620757.
    2. ^ American Academy of Dermatology. "Causes of Aging". AgingSkinNet. American Academy of Dermatology. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
    3. ^ Cosmetic Procedures for Wrinkles
    4. ^ Anderson, Laurence. 2006. Looking Good, the Australian guide to skin care, cosmetic medicine and cosmetic surgery. AMPCo. Sydney. ISBN 0-85557-044-X.
    5. ^ Schagen, S. K.; Zampeli, V. A.; Makrantonaki, E.; Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). "Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging". Dermato-Endocrinology. 4 (3): 298–307. doi:10.4161/derm.22876. PMC 3583891. PMID 23467449.
    6. ^ Wang, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas; Wunderlin, Arne; Mahadeva, Ravi (2009). "Aging as a consequence of Misrepair—a novel theory of aging". arXiv:0904.0575 [q-bio.TO].
    7. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Aging as a process of accumulation of Misrepairs". arXiv:1503.07163 [q-bio.TO].
    8. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Tissue fibrosis: a principal evidence for the central role of Misrepairs in aging". arXiv:1505.01376 [q-bio.TO].
    9. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
    10. ^ Fulton, James E.; Gaminchi, F. (1999). "Sleep Lines". Dermatol Surg. 25 (1): 59–62. doi:10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.08073.x. PMID 9935097.
    11. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247 [246]. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
    12. ^ Mark Changizi; Romann Weber; Ritesh Kotecha; Joseph Palazzo (2011). "Are Wet-Induced Wrinkled Fingers Primate Rain Treads?". Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 77 (4): 286–90. doi:10.1159/000328223. PMID 21701145.
    13. ^ Kareklas, Kyriacos; Nettle, Daniel; Smulders, Tom V (January 9, 2013). "Water-induced finger wrinkles improve handling of wet objects". Biol. Lett. 9 (2): 20120999. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0999. PMC 3639753. PMID 23302867.
    14. ^ Haseleu, Julia; Omerbašić, Damir; Frenzel, Henning; Gross, Manfred; Lewin, Gary R. (2014). Goldreich, Daniel (ed.). "Water-Induced Finger Wrinkles Do Not Affect Touch Acuity or Dexterity in Handling Wet Objects". PLOS ONE. 9 (1): e84949. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...984949H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084949. PMC 3885627. PMID 24416318.
    15. ^ Davis, N. (8 November 2020). "Water-immersion finger-wrinkling improves grip efficiency in handling wet objects". bioRxiv 10.1101/2020.11.07.372631.
    16. ^ "Dr Karl's Homework – Skin Wrinkles in Water (26/1/2000)". Abc.net.au. 2000-01-26. Retrieved 2019-04-30.
    17. ^ Einar P.V. Wilder-Smith; Adeline Chow (2003). "Water-immersion wrinkeling is due to vasoconstriction". Muscle & Nerve. 27 (3): 307–311. doi:10.1002/mus.10323. PMID 12635117. S2CID 45193684.
    18. ^ Einar P. V. Wilder-Smith (2004). "Water immersion wrinkling". Clinical Autonomic Research. 14 (2): 125–131. doi:10.1007/s10286-004-0172-4. PMID 15095056. S2CID 44938772.
    19. ^ H. Zhai, K.P. Whilem H. L. Maibach (2007). Dermatotoxicology. pp. 280–281.
    20. ^ G Alvarez, J Eurolo; P Canales (1980). "Finger wrinkling after immersion in water". British Medical Journal. 281 (6240): 586–587. doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6240.586-a. PMC 1713922. PMID 7427379.
    21. ^ The Dog Encyclopedia: The Definitive Visual Guide. Penguin. 15 August 2023. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-7440-8513-6.
    22. ^ Stefanaki C, Stratigos A, Katsambas A (June 2005). "Topical retinoids in the treatment of photoaging". J Cosmet Dermatol. 4 (2): 130–4. doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2005.40215.x. PMID 17166212. S2CID 44702740.
    23. ^ Brin MF, Lew MF, Adler CH, Comella CL, Factor SA, Jankovic J, O'Brien C, Murray JJ, Wallace JD, Willmer-Hulme A, Koller M (1999). "Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia". Neurology. 53 (7): 1431–8. doi:10.1212/WNL.53.7.1431. PMID 10534247.
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    Frequently Asked Questions

    We're curious if cosmetic botox treatments can be tailored for those with sensitive skin or allergy concerns. It'd be great to know if providers can customize procedures to ensure safety and comfort for everyone.

    We've wondered if cosmetic Botox treatments could affect our ability to show emotions or facial expressions. It turns out, if done correctly, it shouldn't hinder our expressions significantly but still requires careful application by professionals.

    We've found that a typical Botox session lasts about 30 minutes. During the procedure, you'll receive a series of small injections. It's quick, with minimal discomfort, and you can expect to see results within days.